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id, title
id title
pain-expressivity Pain Expressivity

Similar to emotion expressivity, pain expressivity is calculated using a combination of action units as defined in the Facial Action Coding System (FACS)1 . The following action units have been found to be associated with pain according to reports in the scientific literature: 4 + 6 + 7 + 9 + 10 + 12 + 20 + 26.2

Raw Variables

Variable Description
fac_paiintsoft Pain intensity soft. Continuous vector indicating intensity of pain in each video frame regardless of whether all action units for that emotion are present. Range is between 0 and 1.
fac_paiinthard Pain intensity hard. Continuous vector indicating intensity of pain in each video frame, only providing non-zero value if all action units for that emotion are present. Range is between 0 and 1.

Derived Variables

Variable Description
fac_paiintsoft_pct Percentage of frames where at least one of the pain AUs were detected.
fac_paiintsoft_mean Pain expressivity soft mean, equal to the average of all fac_paiintsoft values.
fac_paiintsoft_std Pain expressivity soft standard deviation.
fac_paiinthard_mean Pain expressivity hard mean, equal to the average of all fac_paiinthard values.
fac_paiinthard_std Pain expressivity hard standard deviation.

  1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Facial_Action_Coding_System ↩︎

  2. Prkachin, Kenneth M. (1992). The consistency of facial expressions of pain: a comparison across modalities. Pain, 51(3), 297306. ↩︎