22 lines
1.1 KiB
Markdown
22 lines
1.1 KiB
Markdown
---
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id: glottal-to-noise-excitation-ratio
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title: Glottal-to-noise Excitation Ratio (GNE)
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---
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Glottal-to-noise excitation ratio, as introduced by Michaelis and colleagues[^1], is an indirect measure of breathiness, indicating whether a “given voice signal originates from vibrations in the vocal folds or from turbulent noise generated in the vocal tract.”
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[^1]: Michaelis, D., Gramss, T., & Strube, H. W. (1997). Glottal-to-noise excitation ratio–a new measure for describing pathological voices. Acta Acustica united with Acustica, 83(4), 700-706.
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## Raw Variables
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| Variable | Description |
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| ----------- | ----------- |
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| `aco_gne` | **Glottal-to-noise excitation ratio.** Frame-wise measurements of glottal-to-noise excitation ratio. |
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## Derived Variables
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| Variable | Description |
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| ----------- | ----------- |
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| `aco_gne_mean` | **Glottal-to-noise excitation ratio mean.** Mean of `aco_hnr` across the audio file. |
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| `aco_gne_std` | **Glottal-to-noise excitation ratio standard deviation.** Standard deviation of `aco_gne` across the audio file. |
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